Our young country went through the most significant and dramatic changes in its brief history during The Industrial Revolution. It was the age of invention, and machines, and assembly lines, and factories. We were introduced to Capitalism and Social Darwinism—one of which is still very much alive today. Although England was actually the first country to industrialize, America went through: Changes in science, technology, and energy; changes in population; changes in work and labor; factors of production; the response to Capitalism; and Romanticism and Social Criticism.
CHANGES IN TECHNOLOGY Changes in science and technology brought massive social, economic, and cultural change: James Watt, Eli Whitney, Henry Bessemer, Louis Pasteur, Edison. New forms of energy: From watermills to steam engines powered by coal! Inventions: The steam engine, the blast furnace. Innovations: Factory, division of labor. Interchangeable parts, mass production. Vaccine, pasteurization. The Fathers: Father of the Industrial Revolution, Father of Mass Production.
CHANGES IN POPULATION Growth in population brought innovations as well as problems: The Agricultural Revolution Urban migration: The Enclosure Movement The growth of industrial cities. The Commercial Revolution. Everyday life in the industrial cities: Tenement, cholera, diptheria, typhoid, smallpox, public health. CHANGES IN WORK and LABOR: The end of the slave trade and slavery The effects of immigration, mining, manufacturing, and the division of labor. From cottage industry to textile mills. Child Labor Causes & Effects of the trade union movement.
THE FACTORS OF PRODUCTION Industrialization requires: Capital, labor, natural resources, and entrepreneurship.
THE RISE OF CAPITALISM What is capitalism? Capitalism as the dominant economic system. Responses to capitalism: Communism, Utopianism, Socialism, Social Democracy. Karl Marx and The Communist Manifesto. Robert Owen and New Lanark.
ROMANTICISM and SOCIAL CRITICISM Romanticism: How artists and writers responded to capitalism. Poetry of Blake and Wordsworth Novels by Charles Dickens—a social critic.
About Performance Education ToolBooks
Each ToolBook has 4 basic components:
- Lectures and Stories―provide the basic facts behind the subject being covered and help establish a framework for further learning
- Interactive Exercises―develop higher levels of skill through graphic organizers, maps, charts, timelines, important documents and links to other materials
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